Replacement of a geyser in an apartment: replacement paperwork + basic norms and requirements

Gas water heater refers to a fairly durable household appliances. With proper use, it is able to last up to 15 years or more. But in practice this period may be shorter, which entails the need to purchase new equipment. This is due not only to the physical deterioration of the nodes, but also to the obsolescence of the apparatus.

You, like most owners, replacing the gas water heater in the apartment raises many questions and doubts about the correctness of the action, right? What norms and requirements must be observed so as not to violate the law and not endanger one’s life and property?

In this article we will give tips and advice on replacing a gas water heater, preparing the necessary documents, and helping to avoid errors and miscalculations when installing the device. We will supply our material with diagrams, examples of documents and visual photos, as well as videos.

Basic norms and requirements

Since the device uses high-risk fuel, strict rules and regulations are imposed on its installation and operation. By law, all work, from making changes to the project to connecting the column, must be performed by organizations or specialists licensed for this type of activity.

With the correct execution of technical documentation, the fulfillment of all requirements and conditions, the dismantling of the old and the installation of a new column are not very difficult.

Owners need to know the basic requirements, who and how should change a domestic gas water heater, especially to owners who are accustomed to independently equip their life

Technical specifications for the installation of a water heater are dictated, first of all, by the safety of using gas equipment.The norms and requirements for replacing the old gas column with a new one are stipulated by the manufacturer's instructions, building codes and gas supply rules SNiP 2.04.08-87 *.

No. 1 - room requirements

A gas-fired gas heater is installed in the kitchen or in another non-residential building with a volume of at least 7.5 cubic meters. m, in the presence of air flow through the ventilation grille with an area of ​​0.03 sq.m.

The erasability of the structure also depends on the size of the windows. This means that in the event of an accidental explosion of a gas mixture with air, excess pressure is neutralized through windows, doors or other provided elements without destroying the building.

The volume of the room, the size of the window and ventilation openings must meet the requirements for ensuring sufficient air circulation through the water heater

The required window area depends on the thickness of the glass and is determined as follows:

• with a thickness of 3 mm, the area should be at least 0.8 m²;
• for 4 mm - at least 1 m²;
• at 5 mm - from 1.5 m².

Only the area of ​​the glazing itself, without frames, should be taken into account. The ceiling height must be at least 2 m (with an inclined ceiling of 2.2 m) for appliances up to 60 kW, and from 2.5 m for equipment of greater power.

When replacing an old column in the bathroom, it is permissible to install it in its former place, although in cases of initial design, according to modern standards, this is prohibited.

It is also necessary to take into account that increased humidity leads to corrosion of components and reduces the life of the device. In this case, the replacement is best done with the transfer of the water heater to a new, more suitable place.

No. 2 - standards for the location of the column

In the passport for the gas column or installation instructions, as a rule, the manufacturer indicates the required distances from the device to the building structures of the room. If there are no such instructions, the gas heater is installed based on ease of use, installation, of service and repair.

When installing the column, it is necessary to adhere to the recommended distances from the device to the walls and the nearest objects. This will provide the necessary ventilation, eliminate the risk of overheating and fire.

Installation must be carried out in compliance with the distance from the wall of the mount, depending on its fire-fighting properties:

• from non-combustible materials - not less than 2 cm;
• from hardly combustible, combustible, protected by sheet steel, asbestos from 3 mm, plaster, etc. - at least 3 cm.

The dimensions of the thermal insulation must exceed the dimensions of the column by at least 10 cm around the perimeter and 70 cm from the top. The distance to the nearest structures, walls, objects should not be less than 15 cm on both sides of the device. If installation with a reduced clearance is allowed in the data sheet of the device, it is necessary to provide for the protection of adjacent surfaces with non-combustible materials. But in any case, the clearance should not be less than 3 cm.

The location of the burner window should be approximately at eye level. If a gas heater is installed in the passage, then at least 1 m of free space should be provided around it.

No. 3 - ventilation and chimney requirements

The chimney should ensure the complete removal of combustion products in a natural way with the following distribution of volumes:

• exhaust hoods - at the level of 3-fold air exchange in one hour;
• air inflow from the room - not less than the total amount of exhaust and air expended on gas combustion.

For equipment over 60 kW, an additional dimensioning of ventilation devices is performed.

Also, do not forget about the ventilation of the device itself. Failure to comply with the recommended distance of 15 cm from the side wall will lead to insufficient ventilation of the left side of the column and its local overheating

Galvanized or stainless steel is recommended as a chimney material.By type of execution, it can be a sandwich pipe, corrugation or coaxial chimney in the case of a turbocharged water heater. Do not use aluminum corrugation due to its susceptibility to rapid burning.

The total length of the pipe, from the top of the column to the opening of the chimney channel in the wall, should not exceed 3 m. In this case, it is necessary to observe the maximum number of turns at right angles - no more than two. If there are more, then you should subtract 1 m from the total length for each turn of 90 degrees and 0.5 m at an angle of 45 degrees.

The length of the vertical acceleration section of the chimney at the outlet of the column should be at least 25 - 30 cm with a ceiling height of up to 2.7 m. In rooms with a higher ceiling, it is recommended to increase it to 50 cm. The horizontal part is mounted with a minimum slope up to 2 degrees.

No. 4 - requirements for gas supply hoses

When replacing the supply pipes, geyser hoses, it is necessary to take into account the requirements of the gas inspection for their type and material of manufacture.

Flexible gas hoses there are rubber, metal braided, bellows stainless steel and polymers, PVC. The main criterion for the right choice is the presence of a yellow sticker or coloring and certificate. To avoid fakes, it is recommended to buy them in specialized stores. The most preferred option is a bellows sleeve or PVC hose.

The dielectric insert significantly increases the safety of the gas column. This is especially true for apartment buildings, where the likelihood of stray currents in the gas pipeline is quite high

The length of the inlet gas hose should not exceed 1.5 - 2 m with an internal diameter of 15 mm. It must not be abruptly bent or pulled. At the point where the bellows hose is connected to the gas pipe, insulating adapters must be installed to protect against stray currents and discharges of both the device itself and the gas pipeline.

The procedure for paperwork

If the installation of a new geyser is planned to the same place and its capacity does not exceed the old one, then such a replacement is carried out according to the sketch, within the framework of the existing project.

To do this, you need the following list of documents and their copies:

1. Gas supply project.
2. Certificate confirming ownership of the apartment or house. For the private sector, an act on the right to use a land plot.
3. The registration certificate of the apartment or house.
4. The act of checking the condition of the smoke and ventilation ducts. To receive it, an application is preliminarily filed with a service authorized in your region (housing and communal services, Ministry of Emergencies, firefighters).
5. The registration certificate of the new water heater.
6. Application for replacing a gas column without changing its location and capacity.

Requirements may vary by region.

An example of the application form provided to the gas service to replace the column. In some regions, additional requirements may be put forward for installing a gas detector, prohibiting turbocharged ventilation systems, and others.

In all other cases, for example, when you need to move the column to another place or put a more powerful water heater, you need to develop a new project.

The necessary documents are collected in the following order:

1. Obtaining an act of inspection of the chimney.
2. Submission of an application to gorgaz (or another specialized organization with which an agreement is concluded) to receive technical conditions for the replacement of a gas water heater.
3. After their manufacture, it is necessary to find a design organization to create a project.
4. Then the received documentation is agreed in the metrological and technical department of the gas economy.
5. 5 days before the start of work on replacing the column, you must submit an application for technical supervision. At this stage, it will be necessary to present an act on the condition of the chimney.
6. Installation work to replace the water heater is carried out by a licensed organization.
7. Connection to the gas system and commissioning of a new column is made by a representative of gorgaz.

At the final stage, the following list of documents will be on hand: a project, an act of putting into operation a gas device, an act of checking a chimney.

Violating the design procedure, ignoring it, or trying to somehow get around is a bad idea. As soon as illegal replacement / installation of equipment is detected, the offender will be fined

Going through the paperwork may seem like a fairly long-term and costly procedure. But the competition that has appeared in recent years on the market for the provision of maintenance services for the VDGO and VKGO helps to accelerate and simplify it. In addition, all attempts to circumvent it, in most cases, are even more expensive.

Who is allowed to replace the speaker?

Often, for the first time faced with the need to replace a gas water heater, its owners have a fair question: is it possible to connect a new gas column instead of the old one?

The unequivocal answer to it is given by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No 410 dated 05/14/2013, which says that self-replacement of gas equipment is prohibited. It should be produced only by specialized organizations with which contract signed for maintenance of gas appliances. Lists of companies with which such an agreement can be concluded are published in the notification registers on the regional websites of the State Housing Inspections.

A commissioning certificate must be issued for the installed gas column. In its absence, a fine of 10-15 thousand rubles is imposed. (according to Art. 7.19 Administrative Code of the Russian Federation) If unauthorized connection leads to damage to property and life of people, criminal liability may arise, as described in Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

You can choose an organization to conclude an agreement on maintenance and repair of VDGO and VKGO on the basis of rating, reviews, study of permits

In addition, self-replacement will not allow you to put a new column on a warranty. The organization that carried out the installation makes entries in the passport of the device and seals them with a seal. Only after this, the column is considered accepted for use, delivered for warranty service.

In addition to obligations to comply with norms and requirements, owners have the right to independently choose the organization to create the project and carry out installation works. The main condition is that they have the appropriate licenses.

All work related to the gas supply system can only be performed by specialists who have the appropriate access to work with gas equipment and have passed annual certification.

Recommendations for choosing a new column

The main parameters for choosing a gas column is power and performance. They should be given priority if you do not plan to redo the project when installing the column in the same place. The power of the new device must not exceed that indicated in the design.

For a family of 1 to 2 people, a column capacity of 10 liters per minute is usually enough, which corresponds to a power of 17 - 18 kW. If the replacement of the device is connected with the desire to use two water consumption points at the same time, for example, a sink and a shower, then the gas heater should have a capacity of at least 13 l / min.

For three points, including filling the bath, you need to navigate to 15 l / min. Subject to the availability of pressure in the water supply.

When choosing a new column, it is important to determine whether the previous capacity of the water heater is enough for the needs of the family or if a more productive device is required, which will entail the need to order a new project

Many gas water heater models have a flame modulation function.Its purpose is to maintain a constant temperature (with an accuracy of 1-3 degrees) at the outlet of the device, regardless of the flow of water. Choosing such a model will allow you not to worry about adjusting the temperature while turning on the hot water by several family members.

Prior to completing column mounting you need to check the condition of the chimney, pipelines, taps, determine which elements will require updating.

Common column replacement errors

Often when installing a water heater in a new place, lateral distances of 150 mm from the wall or other surfaces and objects are not observed.

Too close a distance to the gas valve will make it difficult to maintain, will cause failure during commissioning

Excessive heating accelerates the wear of the heat exchanger, contributes to the formation of scale, leakage, reduces the life of the gas appliance. We recommend that you familiarize yourself with heat exchanger repair instructions.

Many errors are associated with the use of unauthorized gas supply hoses, or their incorrect connection. The desire to save on the price of such an important element can lead to unpleasant consequences.

It is known that exposure to gas greatly accelerates the drying out of rubber. If it is not intended for use in a gas pipeline or of poor quality, the hose will quickly crack, causing an unacceptable gas leak.

Sometimes, in an effort to give the most aesthetic look to the interior of the kitchen, the column is placed in wall cabinets. This arrangement, in addition to overheating the column itself, can lead to more serious consequences.

Installation of a gas water heater in a lockable cabinet violates the normal temperature regime of the device. The flow of outside air makes it difficult. Inadequate ventilation increases the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning.

To improve air circulation, partitions should be removed from the bottom and top of the column. If the mandatory clearance of 3 cm is not observed and the fireproof materials protect the side surfaces, heating the cabinet walls can lead to carbonization and fire.

We recommend you to get acquainted with the best column disguise ideas in the kitchen that do not violate safety requirements.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Violation of the rules for using gas can lead to irreparable consequences. This fully applies to situations related to the replacement of gas appliances.

About how it is impossible to install a geyser, at what price incompetence turns out, how to avoid such errors and fines, is described in the video:

An example of installation work to replace the column is shown in the following video:

Tips for choosing the right gas supply hose are given in the video review:

Sooner or later, every owner may encounter the need to replace a geyser. Regardless of whether the water heater is installed in its original place or transferred to another, compliance with the specified standards and requirements will be checked by the inspector of the gas service when commissioning the device. Correctly executed documentation will relieve claims of regulatory authorities and penalties.

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