Ventilation on the roof of a private house: the construction of the passage of the duct through the roof

Effective ventilation is one of the main systems in every home. She is responsible for air exchange, drainage finishing, building structures, furnishings. Properly equipped ventilation on the roof of a private house will ensure the removal of unpleasant odors, condensation and household fumes.

Even at the planning stage, new houses are necessarily equipped with a more complex ventilation system, which differs significantly from traditional options. This communication network, along with other engineering structures, must comply with construction requirements and standards.

You will learn all about the rules for arranging the passage of ventilation pipes through a roofing pie from our article. We will tell you how to equip the passage of the duct to the roof. We will show you what needs to be done to ensure its tightness.

General characteristics of roof ventilation units

During the installation of various technical communications, ventilation pipes are traditionally installed on the roof. This approach has specific features and requires scrupulous adherence to installation technology.

The ventilation units of the passage in many cases have a design similar to that of various models. They are used for the forced and natural process of removing exhaust air, condensate, fumes from the building.

All types of roofing penetrations must be flawlessly executed and airtight so that atmospheric dust and water do not penetrate into residential and utility rooms. According to the schemes of roofing passages, not only ventilation pipes are equipped, but also aerators, and chimneys, and antennas, and roof hatches

The ventilation pipe of the unit on the roof is located so that the exhaust air has the ability to exit unhindered.

For pitched roofs, a convenient solution is to install a ventilation pipe next to the ridge.This design does not require additional reinforcement and installation of a snow removal system.

With a close proximity of the exhaust pipes to the ridge ridge, the lowest wind pressure is exerted on the system. However, for the formation of normal draft, the ventilation pipe (shaft) must be at least 0.5 m above the ridge. This requirement does not apply to aerators and roof fans that solve the tasks of draining the roof cake

The manufacture of passage systems complies with GOST 15150, namely:

1. The thickness of the material exceeds 1.9 mm.
2. The diameter of the circle is 10-12.7 cm. For nodes with a square section, the dimensions can vary.
3. It is processed by anticorrosive mixes.
4. The size of the support ring necessarily exceeds the diameter of the nozzles.
5. The length of the structure should be a maximum of 1 m.

The node itself can be placed on a reinforced concrete glass or directly on the roof area.

The consumer is now offered a wide range of universal and specialized devices for hermetic and operational design of roof passages of both the internal ventilation system and the drainage of roof layers

The size and shape of the outlet are affected by the type of coating, its thickness and the special characteristics of the material, as well as the characteristics of the entire ventilation system. Its choice depends on the conditions created inside the building: the degree of humidity; dustiness of rooms; gas contamination, etc.

Why is an air exchange system necessary?

Air exchange is not only a matter of comfort, but also health. The air in rooms where people are present may contain substances that have a negative effect on the body. One of them is carbon dioxide, which is produced during inhalation / exhalation.

This volatile chemical formation is dangerous in high concentrations. Carbon dioxide also occurs as a result of the operation of stoves, fireplaces, boilers and other heating systems. If the right amount of fresh air does not enter the room, then extremely toxic carbon monoxide can form in these devices as a result of combustion.

Another unpleasant substance is the steam that we produce by breathing, cooking, ironing or drying clothes. Its excess leads to constant humidification of the atmosphere in the house, walling, decoration materials, which affects the development of mold. In addition, wet surfaces are a breeding ground for dust mites.

The option of arranging roofing is selected with a reference to the effectiveness of its work. Depending on the required performance, it is equipped with a fan, a deflector or a conventional protective grille

Ventilation on the roof of a private house should provide conditions for replacing air at least:

• kitchen with a gas stove - 65 m³ / hour;
• kitchen with electric stove - 55 m³ / hour;
• separate toilet - 25 m³ / hour;
• utility rooms - 14 m³ / hour;
• separate rooms - 25 m³ / hour.

Fresh air must necessarily enter other interiors (bedroom, living room, etc.). In a typical private house this gives about 200 m³ / h.

The rules allow you to reduce the intensity of ventilation at night, but by no more than 40%. It is also recommended to install additional devices in the kitchens that allow to periodically increase the flow of exhaust air to at least 120 m³ / h.

What is the structure of the ventilation passage?

The design features of the ventilation passage, in addition to the discharge of dirty air, allow for a durable roof sealing and protect against atmospheric precipitation in the attic. Each node consists of an adapter of a certain diameter, inserted into a pipe mounted on a concrete cup.

Node systems are secured with anchors, which are included in any standard set. On a metal basis, fastening is also carried out, however, instead of a concrete glass, a similar metal

The support ring, which is part of the assembly structure, ensures a perfect connection of the structure with the roof surface. Clutch flanges provide reliable mounting - the bottom is connected to the duct, the top is a support for the ventilation umbrella, which protects the pipe from precipitation. A ring is placed inside the pipe, which guarantees the removal of condensate.

Types of nodes: which duct passage to choose?

Manufacturers recommend using individual for different types of roofs. passage nodes through the roof. After consulting with sellers of specialized stores, you can purchase the necessary aisle construction together with roofing material.

Modern specialized access nodes are equipped with advanced air flow control systems. Such equipment more closely meets current comfort requirements. Installing such systems requires more skills than conventional devices.

In the arrangement of the roof passage, without an element of factory production, metal or reinforced concrete glasses are used in which the sleeve is fixed - a pipe segment of a larger diameter than the ventilation outlet

Before you purchase a high-tech access node, evaluate the appropriateness of its acquisition. If the volume of the premises is small, it is better to opt for conventional mechanical models. 

The passage assembly is a pipe with a plug. But different models may differ in their parameters and appearance.

Table of varieties of the air duct on the roof of the house:

All models are individually labeled, which makes it easier to understand the types of equipment. This is a combination of letters and numbers corresponding to a specific instance, for example UP1-03.

On flat roofs, the passage is equipped with a skirt from a waterproofing carpet and a sealed cap mounted on top or the like

Two numbers at the end indicate the size of the structure. They range from 01 - 10. The first figure indicates the design features of the product.

In this case, the unit demonstrates that the assembly is without valve and condensate ring. Two indicates that condensate the ring is missing, but there is a mechanical valve. The presence of a triple indicates a model with a ring + mechanical valve.

How to make ventilation in the roof of the house?

Before the roofer starts to install the ventilation holes on the roof, he must determine what type of ventilation holes the house needs. We suggest using the manufacturer's recommendations, since it is possible to make ventilation in the roof of the house correctly, taking into account all factors.

Consider the features of the outlet of the duct to the roof of the house:

1. The assembly of the unit on the roof is carried out at the end of all work.
2. It is necessary to accurately calculate the exit location of the duct.It is most often located in the ridge between the rafters.
3. The size of the pattern should be slightly larger than the node itself. This will help reduce the risk of markup errors.
4. Installation is done carefully, especially with hard materials.
5. Sealing the joints of the node and the roof is carried out using sealant.

Some materials (slate or tile) have a wavy and dense structure, which does not allow tightly fixing the equipment. Therefore, the installation of special bushings is required.

A hole is also made for this, and a waterproofing material is placed under the support, after which aisle assembly is installed. The rubber seal is located under the roofing housing and is fixed with sealant.

Installing a ventilation unit on a concrete roof does not practically differ from installing equipment on other types of roofs. The hole in this case is planned at the design stage of the building or it is drilled after the foundation is built with a shell with a diamond crown.

When arranging a concrete floor, a sleeve is inserted into the hole drilled in it, into which the ventilation pipe is inserted. The space around is covered with a heater, on top - with a waterproofing carpet

During installation, a sleeve is used that is inserted into an existing hole. Sealing is somewhat more complicated, you need to put on a cap on top of the assembly that can protect existing joints from precipitation.

By creating the right balance of the inside and outside of the ventilation, you can help optimize the life of the roof system and energy efficiency at home.

How to make and equip the passage of the air duct in the roof?

The conclusion of the duct through the roof begin after the assembly of the ventilation system in the room.

Using a flash master to equip the ventilation outlet, all work is much easier and faster

Installation of a standard duct duct assembly is performed in the following sequence:

1. The place of exit of the ventilation pipe to the roof of the house is determined. The output of all ventilation systems is recommended to be placed closer to the ridge. It should be 30 mm wider than the pipe. Beginners can first cut out a piece of cardboard, and make markings on it.
2. Start in the attic and drill a hole in the roof in the right place where the ventilation takes place. Try to stay close to the location of the air exchange system. Leave the drill sticking out through the roof to find the hole when you are on top.
3. Having found the drill on the roof, pull it out and make a marking on the roofing under the hole. It is necessary to carefully cut through the marking with a jigsaw or saw a round hole. If the roof is made of soft material, making a cut is easy, however, more rigid materials will require more dexterity and patience. First, such a roof needs to be drilled along the contour in several places in order to stick in a hacksaw and cut a circle.
4. Carefully remove the parts of the roof and through the hole removed materials that are placed under the roof (insulation, waterproofing, lathing) are removed. If possible, some roof details can be removed. This will help simplify the installation process.
5. Top to duct pipe string a penetration with a sealant. Use construction tape near the pipe to fix water repellent and vapor barrier layers. Seal joints with sealant. On the soft roof, the rubber seal is fastened with sealant. On hard surfaces - screws.
6. When the pipe is securely fixed, a cap is put on top, preservative ventilation duct from rain, birds and debris.

The node of the passage through the roof should not have convolutions and depressions, since in winter a snow pocket may form in them and the melted water will be under the roof.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

The roller clearly demonstrates the installation of the passage of the pipe duct through the roof, allowing you to get the most complete picture of such works:

We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the installation of ventilation by watching this video:

Video instruction on the construction of the duct for a group of ventilation pipes:

Familiarity with the technology, options and details for arranging ventilation passages through the roof is necessary for both independent craftsmen and customers of migrant workers, whose qualifications and experience should not be relied upon unconditionally.

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