Outdoor gas boilers: standards and requirements for the placement of outdoor equipment

One of the ways to establish heating in residential or non-residential premises is to install equipment not in the boiler room or inside the building, but on the street. For heating the house can respond to gas boilers for outdoor use. These are standard units in a warmed casing with a chimney and a pipe connecting them to the heated rooms.

The complexity of the PRC installation lies in the requirements imposed by supervisory authorities, as well as in the conditions of their placement. Consider the design and installation features of outdoor equipment despite the fact that there is no separate legislative framework for this type of heating equipment.

Outdoor gas boilers

Many Russian and foreign enterprises are engaged in the production of outdoor installations. The main advantage is that powerful units do not require the construction of a separate boiler room, but are fully protected from mechanical damage, cold and rain.

Various models of outdoor gas boilers are designed to operate on natural, liquefied gas and biogas, have an efficiency of 85-95%. The pressure in the system and the temperature of the outlet water are different, but for some units they are regulated using automation.

Outdoor gas equipment is an innovative analogue of a modular boiler room, characterized by energy saving and allowing to save on the arrangement of the heating unit

Gas Requirement Documentation:

• Biogas - GOST 27577-2000;
• Natural - GOST 5542-2014;
• Liquefied - GOST 20448-90.

Installation, commissioning and maintenance are usually carried out by the manufacturer. The constant presence of staff is not necessary.

Purpose and main functions

It is necessary to distinguish the PRC from boiler houses, because according to all documents and legislative acts they represent a separate group of heating equipment. And although they are often called mini-boiler rooms, installation is done according to completely different rules.

Outdoor boilers are used to heat both residential and industrial facilities. They are installed to serve kindergartens, schools, hospitals, entertainment, shopping and sports centers. Sometimes they act as a backup source, especially where continuous heat supply is needed.

For small buildings, single boilers of low power are used - 40-100 kW. Typically, such equipment is designed to heat an area of ​​up to 1000 m³

If it is necessary to heat a country house, then low-power equipment is quite suitable for this. Large buildings and industrial enterprises require more powerful equipment, for them install complexes of 2 or more boilers.

Outdoor units began to be used more often due to the following features:

For use, it is convenient that the units are compact in size, while having great power. They do not require constant attention, for maintenance it is enough to remotely monitor the operation of boilers in normal mode.

Types and design features

Models of domestic and industrial gas boilers for outdoor installations - prefabricated water pipe structures for heating water. To protect against external aggressive factors, they are enclosed in metal boxes insulated on all sides with mineral wool or other heat-insulating material.

By design, the models are different, but most often the principle of their work is to use a gas burner. The fuel, after mixing with air, enters the multi-torch burner. A gas horn with small openings breaks the stream of fuel into parts, due to which complete combustion occurs. For traction and air supply, the holes located in the upper part are responsible.

Pipelines and an electric cable connect the building and the boilers, so they start up inside the facility, where the remote control is also installed. You can control the boiler directly from the office, located inside the building

In addition, gas-fired outdoor boilers are equipped with a chimney, fire alarm and automatic equipment for immediate signal transmission in the event of an emergency

Equipping heating equipment automatic devices able:

• ignite the burner;
• control the operation of light and sound alarms;
• turn off the burner if the fuel readings deviate from the set;
• shut down the system when a leak occurs;
• maintain the volume and temperature of the coolant, etc.

Most of the units, especially low-power representatives, do not require preparation of the foundation - strengthening the foundation. Finished equipment is simply brought to the selected place and installed at the level.

To access the burner and the technical units located inside the metal box, one or two walls open.

There are two types of boilers: single and dual. Now there are built, but the original models are more popular - if increased power is required, just install several boilers.

Dual models are distinguished by the fact that they are equipped with 2 fire chambers, 2 heat exchangers and 2 burners. If single ones have power indicators of 40-500 kW, then dual ones most often - 80-800 kW

The basic model is equipped with:

• instrumentation;
• mesh filter system;
• pipelines;
• sensors;
• fittings;
• safety valve.

Outdoor boilers are equipped to increase work efficiency. circular pump. For models operating on medium / high pressure gas, the installation of gas control units is provided.

Chimneys have various designs, but sandwich flues insulated with basalt wool are recognized as effective. They heat up quickly, which minimizes the formation of condensate, and in the cold season - ice on the walls.

Nuances of installing China

Installation of gas boilers for outdoor installation is carried out in accordance with existing regulatory documents. But it says either about boilers for internal use, or about boiler houses located in separate rooms, therefore, controversial issues may arise that are solved by gas services, and service companies, and Rostekhnadzor.

The main thing is to be able to negotiate with representatives of all instances and skillfully operate the provisions of SNiP and GOST.

For those who want to study the regulatory framework, we suggest studying the following documents:

• SP 41-104-2000;
• SNiP 42-01-2002;
• SP 42-101-2003.

But the main document for the installation and operation of equipment is manufacturer technical manual.

Installation conditions for gas structures

People's Republic of China are completely ready-to-operate structures requiring connection and commissioning, therefore, their installation requires only an even foundation and permission for installation work.

For the most powerful boilers, a foundation is also needed - this is prescribed in the data sheet of the unit. As a foundation use concrete slabs or pouring

Before installation, it is necessary to obtain technical specifications from the gas service, which, in turn, is guided by the requirements of the Technical Regulations. The rules for issuing special specifications are set out in Ordinance 1314 (2013), where it is said that the basis for installation failure may be solely the lack of technical ability to connect the boiler to the facility.

AT GOST R 54961-2012 indicates that the approval of the technical specifications is carried out after checking the conformity of the equipment power, as well as the connection point.

Chimney requirements

Street structures, just like ordinary gas boilers, are equipped with chimneys, which are subject to the following requirements:

• the diameter of the pipe should be equal to or larger than the nozzle of the boiler;
• manufacturing material - gas tight;
• mandatory installation of a condensate collector;
• the direction of the structure is strictly vertical, in special cases, the angle of inclination is up to 30 °;
• joints must be sealed;
• the height of the chimney eliminates the smoke of the living area and provides good traction - from 5 m or more.

The upper part of the chimney of external gas boilers closes just like with conventional ones deflector - a cap from debris, dirt and street dust.

Manufacturers recommend choosing straight pipes that have no more than 3 turns with a radius of curvature equal to or greater than the diameter of the pipe

Installation of factory-made pipes moves from bottom to top, starting from the boiler. Joints of tees, bends, corner elements are additionally fastened with clamps. If the pipe is attached to the wall, then brackets are installed with an interval of 2 m.

Detailed requirements for the selection and installation of China chimneys are set out in DBN V.2.5-20-2001 and SNiP 2.04.05-91.

Installation and Connection Rules

The placement and connection of equipment to the central gas supply system is carried out in accordance with a compiled and agreed project. Small boilers in terms of mass and volume do not require a foundation.

They are installed on a flat area of ​​soil so that the load is distributed evenly throughout the site. For large-sized devices, the foundation construction plan is also included in the overall project.

Depending on the manufacturer's recommendations, the unit is placed next to the wall of a heated object, at a distance of up to 50 m or on the roof.

If the gas boiler is located in an area that is open to access by unauthorized persons, it must be surrounded by a barrier preventing entry

According to the rules, it is necessary to ground the structure, as the boiler is connected to the power supply system. She is responsible for the operation of burglar alarms, pumps and other automatic equipment.

The unit is connected to the internal heating system by pipes for supplying a coolant with a diameter of 50 mm. The pipeline passes through the wall in the sleeve, providing its protection. Introductory structures inside the building are equipped with shut-off cranes.

First, the internal system is cleaned and pressure tested, and according to the results - if there is no leak, break, pressure drop in the network - they are connected to the boiler. In the process of crimping, the shut-off valves are closed. The heating system must be equipped with air vents at the top points and a drain valve at the bottom.

Inside the building expansion tank, selected taking into account the volume and coefficient of expansion of the liquid, pressure and other important parameters.

Start-up and operation requirements

Before putting the boiler into operation, first prepare the heating system: set the recommended pressure, open the shut-off valves on the pipes and in the thermomechanical compartment of the unit, fill the heating network with water, eliminate errors, bleed air.

Then, voltage is supplied to the boiler and the correct connection of the phases is checked according to the scheme. At the same stage, the operation of automatic equipment is diagnosed - a control panel and an alarm system. Lastly, they start the pump and check its operation.

The operation of the boiler should be monitored by the owner of the gas equipment. Inspections, adjustments, preventive measures, repairs are carried out by a service organization

Regularly monitor the cleanliness of the filters. When contaminated, the taps are closed, the water is drained, the filters are removed and the mesh is washed.

If the boiler is turned off for the winter period, the heating system and the unit itself are completely freed from water so that the coolant does not freeze in the pipes and breaks them.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

PRC maintenance:

Overview of the standard model from the manufacturer:

It is not possible to independently and at random acquire a gas external boiler for heating a private house. It should be declared in the project of gasification at home, and all work should be carried out by specialists or under their supervision.

Unauthorized connection of gas equipment of any type to the house threatens the safety of residents, and is imposed by penalties on the part of controlling organizations.

Want to talk about how to install a gas boiler during the arrangement of your country house? Do you have useful information on the topic of the article, which is worth sharing with site visitors? Please write comments in the block form below, ask questions, post photographs.